CAS Number57-41-0
SynonymsDitoin; 5,5-Diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione; Ditomed; 4,4-Diphenyl-4H-imidazole-2,5-diol; Eptolin; 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione; Di-len; Metinal Idantoina; Ekko; Epamin; phenytoin; Epilantin-E; Dilantin Kapseals; Epised; Decatona; Convul; Epileptin; Derizene; Enkefal; Danten; Muldis; diphenyl hydantoin; Cumatil; Fenidantoin; Novodiphenyl; Epdantoin; Fenigramon; Dilantin Injection; Fenitron; Denyl
Molecular FormulaC15H12N2O2
Molecular Weight252.27
Purity≥98%
Density1.3±0.1 g/cm3
Boiling Point464.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Melting Point293-295 °C (lit.)
Appearancepowder
EINECS200-328-6
Symbol
Signal WordWarning
| Chemical & Physical Properties | |
|---|---|
| CAS Number | 57-41-0 |
| Catalog No. | 2A-9016741 |
| Chinese Name | 苯妥英 |
| Synonyms | Ditoin; 5,5-Diphenyl-2,4-imidazolidinedione; Ditomed; 4,4-Diphenyl-4H-imidazole-2,5-diol; Eptolin; 5,5-diphenylimidazolidine-2,4-dione; Di-len; Metinal Idantoina; Ekko; Epamin; phenytoin; Epilantin-E; Dilantin Kapseals; Epised; Decatona; Convul; Epileptin; Derizene; Enkefal; Danten; Muldis; diphenyl hydantoin; Cumatil; Fenidantoin; Novodiphenyl; Epdantoin; Fenigramon; Dilantin Injection; Fenitron; Denyl |
| Molecular Formula | C15H12N2O2 |
| Molecular Weight | 252.27 |
| Purity | ≥98 |
| Density | 1.3±0.1 g/cm3 |
| Boiling Point | 464.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg |
| Melting Point | 293-295 °C (lit.) |
| Appearance | powder |
| Water Solubility | DMSO: soluble | <0.01 g/100 mL at 19 ºC |
| Storage Condition | This product should be sealed and stored away from |
| Packaging | II |
| Application | Phenytoin is a non-activating voltage-gated sodium channel stabilizer. |
| EINECS | 200-328-6 |
| HTC | 29332100 |
| PubChem ID | 24278370 |
| MDL Number | MFCD00005264 |
| SMILES | O=C1NC(=O)C(N1)(c2ccccc2)c3ccccc3 |
| InChI | 1S/C15H12N2O2/c18-13-15(17-14(19)16-13,11-7-3-1-4-8-11)12-9-5-2-6-10-12/h1-10H,(H2,16,17,18,19) |
| InChI Key | CXOFVDLJLONNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Beilstein/REAXYS | 384532 |
| NACRES Code | NA.77 |
| UNSPSC | 12352200 |
| Hazard Symbols | 6.1(b) |
| Risk Codes | R22;R40;R45;R61;R63 |
| Safety Description | S36/37;S53;S45 |
| MSDS | msds/16741_1_57_41_0.pdf |
| Bioactivity | Phenytoin is an inactive voltage-gated sodium channel stabilizer.Target: Sodium ChannelPhenytoin is an antiepileptic drug. It is useful to treat partial seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures but not primary generalized seizures such as absence seizures or myoclonic seizures. Phenytoin is believed to protect against seizures by causing voltage-dependent block of voltage-gated sodium channels [1]. Phenytoin has low affinity for resting sodium channels at hyperpolarized membrane potentials [2]. When neurons are depolarized and the channels transition into the open and inactivated states, greater binding and block occur. The inhibitory potency is strongly use dependent, so that block accumulates with prolonged or repetitive activation, such as occurs during a seizure discharge. The blocking of sodium channels by phenytoin is of slow onset. The time course of fast sodium currents is therefore not altered in the presence of the drug and action potentials evoked by synaptic depolarizations of ordinary duration are not blocked. Thus phenytoin is able to selectively inhibit pathological hyperexcitability in epilepsy without unduly impairing ongoing activity. Phenytoin also blocks persistent sodium current and this may be of particular importance in seizure control. Phenytoin is a class 1b antiarrhythmic [3]. Related Catalog Signaling Pathways >> Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >> Sodium Channel Research Areas >> Neurological Disease References [1]. Rogawski, M.A. and W. Loscher, The neurobiology of antiepileptic drugs. Nat Rev Neurosci, 2004. 5(7): p. 553-64. [2]. Porter, R.J., et al., Mechanisms of action of antiseizure drugs. Handb Clin Neurol, 2012. 108: p. 663-81. [3]. Balaji, S., Medical therapy for sudden death. Pediatr Clin North Am, 2004. 51(5): p. 1379-87. Chemical & Physical Properties Density 1.3±0.1 g/cm3 Boiling Point 464.0±55.0 °C at 760 mmHg Melting Point 293-295 °C(lit.) Molecular Formula C15H12N2O2 Molecular Weight 252.268 Flash Point 305.8±20.8 °C Exact Mass 252.089874 PSA 58.20000 LogP 2.29 Vapour Pressure 0.0±1.2 mmHg at 25°C Index of Refraction 1.652 InChIKey CXOFVDLJLONNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N SMILES O=C1NC(=O)C(c2ccccc2)(c2ccccc2)N1 Storage condition 2-8°C Stability Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases. Water Solubility DMSO: soluble | <0.01 g/100 mL at 19 ºC |
| Use of | Phenytoin is an inactive voltage-gated sodium channel stabilizer.Target: Sodium ChannelPhenytoin is an antiepileptic drug. It is useful to treat partial seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures but not primary generalized seizures such as absence seizures or myoclonic seizures. Phenytoin is believed to protect against seizures by causing voltage-dependent block of voltage-gated sodium channels [1]. Phenytoin has low affinity for resting sodium channels at hyperpolarized membrane potentials [2]. When neurons are depolarized and the channels transition into the open and inactivated states, greater binding and block occur. The inhibitory potency is strongly use dependent, so that block accumulates with prolonged or repetitive activation, such as occurs during a seizure discharge. The blocking of sodium channels by phenytoin is of slow onset. The time course of fast sodium currents is therefore not altered in the presence of the drug and action potentials evoked by synaptic depolarizations of ordinary duration are not blocked. Thus phenytoin is able to selectively inhibit pathological hyperexcitability in epilepsy without unduly impairing ongoing activity. Phenytoin also blocks persistent sodium current and this may be of particular importance in seizure control. Phenytoin is a class 1b antiarrhythmic [3]. Properties Articles104 Name phenytoin Synonym More Synonyms phenytoin Biological Activity Description Phenytoin is an inactive voltage-gated sodium channel stabilizer.Target: Sodium ChannelPhenytoin is an antiepileptic drug. It is useful to treat partial seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures but not primary generalized seizures such as absence seizures or myoclonic seizures. Phenytoin is believed to protect against seizures by causing voltage-dependent block of voltage-gated sodium channels [1]. Phenytoin has low affinity for resting sodium channels at hyperpolarized membrane potentials [2]. When neurons are depolarized and the channels transition into the open and inactivated states, greater binding and block occur. The inhibitory potency is strongly use dependent, so that block accumulates with prolonged or repetitive activation, such as occurs during a seizure discharge. The blocking of sodium channels by phenytoin is of slow onset. The time course of fast sodium currents is therefore not altered in the presence of the drug and action potentials evoked by synaptic depolarizations of ordinary duration are not blocked. Thus phenytoin is able to selectively inhibit pathological hyperexcitability in epilepsy without unduly impairing ongoing activity. Phenytoin also blocks persistent sodium current and this may be of particular importance in seizure control. Phenytoin is a class 1b antiarrhythmic [3]. Related Catalog Signaling Pathways >> Membrane Transporter/Ion Channel >> Sodium Channel Research Areas >> Neurological Disease References [1]. Rogawski, M.A. and W. Loscher, The neurobiology of antiepileptic drugs. Nat Rev Neurosci, 2004. 5(7): p. 553-64. [2]. Porter, R.J., et al., Mechanisms of action of antiseizure drugs. Handb Clin Neurol, 2012. 108: p. 663-81. [3]. Balaji, S., Medical therapy for sudden death. Pediatr Clin North Am, 2004. 51(5): p. 1379-87. Chemical & Physical Properties Molecular Formula C15H12N2O2 Exact Mass 252.089874 PSA 58.20000 Index of Refraction 1.652 InChIKey CXOFVDLJLONNDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Stability Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases. |
| Tax Rebate | 13.0% |
| Supervision | None. MFN tariff: 6.5%. Ordinary tariff: 20.0% |
| Transport Info | Product name: Purity: 99.0% |
| MSDS Transport Info | Module 14. Shipping information United Nations classification: inconsistent with United Nations classification standards UN number: not specified |
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